Nitazoxanide is an antiprotozoal agent, which is sold under trade name Alinia. It is used to treat diarrhea caused by the parasites Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lambia in children and adults. In developed countries, including the United States, diarrhea spreads through contaminated water supplies, person-to-person contact in places such as child-care centers, and food poisoning. The average adult suffers from diarrhea about four times a year. According to the World Health Organization, about 57,000 deaths were registered in 2004 in the United States due to diarrheal diseases. Diarrheal infections can also spread through dirty hands, contaminated food or water, pets and direct contact with fecal matter. This type of infection occurs due to bacterial infection, which is very common and curable.
Nitazoxanide or Alinia is administered as an oral suspension in children aged 1 to 11 years, and in tablet form to patients aged 12 to 65 years. The efficacy of this drug has not yet been established for children below the age of 1 and for geriatric populations above the age of 65.
Alinia: Important Alerts
Take nitazoxanide with food. Consult your doctor before taking other prescription drugs, such as vitamins, minerals and herbal products during the period of treatment.
Safety and effectiveness of Alinia is not sure in cases of people infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or those with immune problems.
If you are giving Alinia to a child who is suffering from diabetes, you should be aware that each dose of this drug contains the equivalent of 1 teaspoon of sugar.
It may also cause other infections. So you should used it with caution.
Alinia tablets or oral suspension should not be used by patients with prior hypersensitivity to nitazoxanide or any of the ingredients of the drug.
Use of Alinia in Nursing Mothers
It is not known whether Alinia is absorbed by human milk. Therefore, nursing mothers should consult their physician before starting treatment with this drug.
Use of Alinia for HIV-Infected Patients
There is no information available for Alinia and its effectiveness for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Giardia lamblia in HIV-infected or immunodeficient patients.
Side effects of Alinia
Stop taking Alina and contact your doctor immediately if you experience an allergic reaction, such as difficulty in breathing, closing of the throat, swelling of the lips, tongue and face. Some of the other side effects observed in people on this treatment include:
abdominal pain
nausea
diarrhea
vomiting
headache
In case of an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
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